| 1. | Between 1650 and 1800, some naturalists, such as Benoît de Maillet, produced theories that maintained that the universe, the Earth, and life, had developed mechanically, without divine guidance. Entre 1650 et 1800, certaines théories évolutionnistes soutenaient l'idée que l'univers, incluant la vie sur Terre, s'était développé de manière mécanique sans aucune intervention divine. |